When a ray of light enters a denser medium it is refracted towards the normal in such. As shown below, an electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave consisting of mutually perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Light reflection and refraction notes for class 10 download pdf. Interesting things happen when light travels from one medium to another. Light reflection and refraction notes for class 10. In this lab you will be exploring the first part of optics, the reflection and refraction of.
The law of reflection states that, on reflection from a smooth surface, the angle of the reflected ray is equal to the angle of the incident ray. Total internal reflection if the angle of incidence is larger than this, no transmission occurs. Light waves are refracted when crossing the boundary from one transparent medium into another because the speed of light is different in different media. Whenever a light strikes the surface of some material at an angle, part of the wave is reflected and part is transmitted or absorbed. The law of reflection applies, just as it does for a plane mirror, i. The refractive index of air is only very slightly greater than 1 and in this experiment we will take it to be equal to 1. The ray that bounces back is called the reflected ray. The law of reflection snells law states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is equivalent to the ratio of velocities in the two media, or equivalent to the opposite ratio of the indices of refraction. R the law of refraction snells law relates how a ray of light will behave when passing from one media to the other.
When a ray of light approaches a smooth polished surface and the light ray bounces back, it is called the reflection of light. Important questions, guess papers, most expected questions and best questions from 10th science chapter light reflection and refraction have cbse chapter wise important questions with solution for free download in pdf format. Laws of reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. Refraction of light introduction olympus life science. In this case the angle of refraction will be smaller than the angle of incidence. Important questions class 10 science light reflection and. Light reflection and refraction chapter10 w e see a variety of objects in the world around us. If light passes into a medium with a smaller index of refraction, the angle of refraction is larger. The incident ray makes an angle of 900 with the surface. When this happens, no light at all escapes the medium with the larg er index of refraction and 100% of the light is reflected.
Light reflection and refraction class 10 notes science. And yet, we find that while light travels in a medium, unobstructed by any obstacles, it will travel in a straight line, called a ray. Reflection and refraction of light o level mini physics. A spherical metasurface with phase discontinuities leads to unconventional light bending compared to standard refractive lenses. Geometrical optics is the study of the behavior of straight line rays at the interference between two. Reflection and refraction of light goals and introduction when a source creates light, it is common that the there is no preferential direction in which the light is emitted. Reflection experiments reflection is most likely the property. On the flip side, refraction is when light is absorbed by the medium but the direction and speed is affected.
Photometry is a branch measurement of light energy. Describe the phenomenon of dispersion and its explanation in terms of refractive index and the wave model of light. Determining the angle of refraction a light ray strikes an airwater surface at an angle of 46 degrees with respect to the normal. Reflection and refraction 17 be scattered away from its original direction figure 2. Difference between reflection and refraction with comparison. Physics notes for class 12 chapter 9 ray optics and. This presentation has complete information about the ncert science chapter light reflection and refraction. In this elementary science educational video kindergarten kids,preschoolers,and primary. Law of reflection when light is reflected from a plane flat surface, the angle of incidence. Dont forget to like if you likr it slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Review the laws of reflection and refraction and snells law. Medium in which speed of light is more is called optically rarer medium and medium in which speed of light is less is known as optically denser medium. The physics now that you have completed all of the labs dealing with circuits, you will now move on to the next area of physics, light and optics. Pdf reflection and refraction of light from metasurfaces with. Using that the speed of light is v c n we deduced that. The centre of the sphere, of which the mirror is a part, is called the centre of. Whenever an incident light traveling through one medium ie.
Our online refraction trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top refraction quizzes. The incident light ray which lands upon the surface is said to be reflected off the surface. During the day, the sunlight helps us to see objects. Reflection, is when the light goes back to the previous medium, but changes direction. Nov 27, 2019 reflection and refraction are two different properties of light. Refraction of light simone zuccher february 4, 20 contents 1 the physical phenomenon 1 2 laws of refraction 2 3 visible light wavelength dispersion 3 4 critical angle and total internal re. Due to refraction, the velocity of transmitted light is. Specular reflection is defined as light reflected from a smooth surface at a definite angle, whereas diffuse reflection is produced by rough surfaces that tend to reflect light in all directions as illustrated in figure 3. Light rays change direction when they reflect off a surface, move from one transparent medium into another, or travel through a medium whose composition is continuously changing. When light passed from air into a denser medium, the ray of refraction bent towards the normal. The light may be reflected back from the surface, transmitted through the material in which case it will deviate from its initial direction, a process known as refraction or absorbed by the material if. Light reflection and refraction 161 let us recall these laws i the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and ii the incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the same plane.
Pdf reflection and refraction of light from metasurfaces. To examine light travel in rectangles and equilateral triangles using the laws of reflection and refraction. Even though we sometimes think light is white, it is actually made up of all the colors in the rainbow. The law of reflection states that the angle of incident ray equals the angle of the reflected ray, or. Electromagnetic waves are ultimately produced by an accelerating charge. In contrast, a less dense, lower refractive index material will reflect light in phase. The light may be reflected back from the surface, transmitted through the material in which case it will deviate from its initial direction, a process known as refraction or absorbed by the material if it is not transparent at the. This effect of refraction is very important in lens design for controlling the precise focal point of imaging light rays. When light hits a surface, one or more of three things may happen. A line drawn in the direction of propagation of light is called a. These laws of reflection are applicable to all types of reflecting surfaces. The refraction of light takes place on going from one medium to another because the speed of light is different in two media. In this elementary science educational video kindergarten kids,preschoolers, and primary school children can learn science of light and more.
Reflection and refraction are two different properties of light. Equivalent to american high school diploma subtopics. Reflection and refraction are two commonly observed optical properties of light. During the course of analyzing our data, we calculated the index of refraction for the plastic lens and thereby the speed of light in the plastic. Reflection is when the light goes back to the previous medium, but changes direction. Knowing the difference between reflection and refraction will help you understand basic phenomenon of science. Light reflection and refraction class 10 physics complete. It is natural to treat the propagation of light in terms of rays. The refraction of light occurs when the light passes across the boundary between two media, it is the change of light path when it travels from a transparent medium to another transparent medium of different optical density.
The scattered light goes off in many different directions, and may be scattered again and again before it is finally absorbed somewhere. And what makes this phenomenon, called refraction, even more fascinating is how we, as animals, perceive it visually. Reflection and refraction of light physics module 6 optics and optical note that the reflecting surface of a convex mirror curves outwards while that of instruments a concave mirror curves inwards. Refraction of light is an important aspect in the physics of lenses, especially with regards to how a single lens or multilens system is designed and constructed. However, we are unable to see anything in a dark room.
Reflection and refraction of light from metasurfaces with phase discontinuities article pdf available in journal of nanophotonics 61. A ray is equivalent to a very narrow beam of light, and it. Characteristics of light light waves are electromagnetic waves, whose nature is transverse. Rule 1 when a ray of light goes from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it bends towards the normal. There is an angle of incidence for which the angle of refraction will be 90. We say that light is refracted when it travels through water. In this lab you will be exploring the first part of optics, the reflection and refraction of light at a plane flat. Refraction is the change in direction of propagation of a wave when the wave passes from one medium into another, and changes its speed. Total internal reflection will occur if the incident. Following are the rules for getting the direction of bending of a ray of light. It has been found that the speed of light varies in different optical materials. Reflection and refraction of light introduction for kids. Apr 05, 2015 this experiment proves the property of reflection of light. Even though we sometimes think light is white, it is actually.
This is an important principle in the field of thinfilm optics. Due to refraction, the velocity of transmitted light is less than the velocity before it entered the medium. This scattering is caused by the interaction of light with small particles, even atoms or molecules, within the material. Light, reflection, and color characteristics of light light is an electromagnetic wave. These are the light reflection and refraction class 10 notes prepared by team of expert teachers. A ray of light strikes a polished surface at an angle of 37. In fact, everything you can see is the result of a complex pattern of light reflecting off the surface of something. Demonstration of how light travels, reflection and refraction. A comprehensive database of more than 11 refraction quizzes online, test your knowledge with refraction quiz questions. The basic difference between reflection and refraction is that reflection of light is the process in which light bounces back on striking the surface, while refraction of light is the process in which light changes its direction as it passes from one medium to another medium. Reflection experiments reflection is most likely the property of light that we experience most often. In the following experiments, you will be studying the nature of reflection from a smooth surface. Find the angle of refraction when the direction of the ray is a from air to water and b from water to air. Also, the angles of incidence and the angles of refraction were not directly proportional in contrary to the sin of the incident and refraction angles.
The reflection of light can be roughly categorized into two types of reflection. This topic covers reflection and refraction of light of o level physics. Theory materials transparent to light are called optical materials. And yet, we find that while light travels in a medium, unobstructed by any obstacles, it will travel. Reflection and refraction university of calgary in alberta.
On the flip side, refraction is when the light is absorbed by the medium, but the direction and speed are affected. Reflection of light introduction olympus life science. All in all, reflection and refraction are two basic facts associated with light, which are studied along. Tunable refraction and reflection of selfconfined light beams. The revision notes help you revise the whole chapter in minutes. We now define a few important terms used for spherical mirrors. In a solid optical material like glass the speed of light can be less than half of the.
As opposed to reflection where light bounces off of an object, refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. What are the causes and uses of the light refraction. Physics notes for class 12 chapter 9 ray optics and optical instruments light light is a form of energy eyes. Reflection and refraction when light hits a surface, one or more of three things may happen. Revising notes in exam days is on of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days. This experiment proves the property of reflection of light. If incident ray makes 900 then the angle of reflection will also be 900 q. Figure 171 a light ray reflecting from a mirror shows that the angle of incidence.
Jan 03, 2008 demonstration of how light travels, reflection and refraction. The slower light travels in a material, the larger the value of n for that material. The light may be reflected back from the surface, transmitted. The principal axis of the mirror is a straight line drawn through the center of curvature c and the midpoint of the mirror.
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